At the end of a class on ברכת אבות Avot
blessing at the beginning of the amida someone mentioned that I hadn't
dealt with the גואל/גאולה
redeemer/redemption
issue and I responded that indeed I hadn't, because I wasn't sure what to say
about it. Since then I have thought about it a lot.
I grew up saying גאולה/redemption and was actively taught that
Jews “believe in the messianic age not in the Messiah.” This was largely an
anti-Christian polemic and considering the rather evangelical environment, made
a lot of sense.
When I started using more traditional liturgy, the transition
to גואל/redeemer
was not difficult, based on the idea that real change in society is usually led
by galvanizing figure who can focus the energy. Therefore, I'm not sure that
there's much difference between גואל/redeemer
and גאולה/redemption,
since the גואל/redeemer
is simply the instrument that brings גאולה/redemption.
On the other hand, as I mentioned in class מביא
גואל /brings a redeemer that is
different from other places in the liturgy where God is called גואל ישראל /Redeemer of Israel and
in the other divine attributes and actions in the list, in which God is seen as
the active force healing the sick, freeing captives etc. Perhaps the form מביא גואל /brings a redeemer comes as an example that reflects on the other actions we attribute to God; just as we attribute to God redemption that is actually
realized through human agency, we need to understand that the healing and other
desired ends attributed to God in the preceding list are also achieved through
human agency.
A comment received by e-mail:
ReplyDeleteThe truth is that I do not know exactly what the word "redeemer" means. I have always grown up with the word. My first exposure was the ads talking about how to redeem your Green Stamps or your Savings Bonds. But that didn't make sense in a religious setting. Then, from Handel, "I know that my redeemer liveth" showed me that this was a word in common usage, and I always wondered if the meaning everyone knew was even remotely similar to the meaning everyone else knew.
These are the meanings of to redeem from my Webster's:
1. To buy back
2. To get back, recover
3. To pay off (a mortgage or a note)
4. To convert (paper money) into coin
5. a. to set free; ransom; rescue b. to deliver from sin and its penalties, as by a sacrifice made for the sinner
6. To fulfill, as a promise
7. To make amends for; atone or compensate for
SYN. See rescue
Anything remotely resembling our religious meaning is only in 5b. What conclusion do I draw from all this? I don't know.