Sunday, May 23, 2021

BeHa'alotecha: From the Diary of Joshua the High Priest

Hebrew

The most striking connection between this week’s Torah reading (Numbers 8-12), which opens with a commandment to light the menorah in the Tabernacle and the Temple, and the Haftarah (Zechariah 2:14-4:77) is the menorah that appears in the prophet’s vision. However, I see an additional connection: the loneliness of a true leader: Moses in the Torah and Joshua the High Priest during the return of Zion. Unlike Moses and the Israelites who left Egypt, the immigrants from Babylon did not receive operational orders from on high. Therefore, the national leader was required to decide how and when to resume the sacrificial service, whether to wait for construction of the Temple to be completed or before? The decision to renew the sacrifices before construction was finished was controversial, and it is easy to imagine the anxiety felt by the High Priest who made the decision and bore responsibility. Let’s take a look at his diary:

From the diary of Joshua, the high priest:

The foundations for the Temple have been laid, and now we face a dilemma. Should we renew the sacrificial service, at least in part, as soon as possible or wait until everything is completely constructed and perfectly in place? Most of my fellow priests want to wait, so we can serve exactly according to the rulebook. I understand their anxiety. An error in the sacred service could be fatal. But there are other concerns. The construction itself is not the goal, serving God is. What would God want us to do? Without the Urim and Tumim, we have no way to know. And there are the people. They are restless and want to see progress. Otherwise, I fear they will want to leave this rocky hill country and return “home” to Persia.

After much consideration, today I announced that as high priest, I am taking responsibility. Sacrifices will be renewed. I accept upon myself any and all guilt.

A few weeks later:

I doubt the rightness of my decision; I am overwhelmed with anxiety. I can hardly sleep and am losing weight. My family is terrified.

The next day:

Last night, as I mentally reviewed the procedures for Yom Kippur, meditated on pronouncing the Ineffable Name, and imagined myself stepping into the Holy of Holies, an angel of the Eternal appeared. He reached out his hand and led me deep inside. It was very dark. I was terrified. I prayed that my wife and children would understand that I had sacrificed myself for the sake of God and God's people.

Burst of light

Suddenly, I was in a space full of light. I could not see but knew that I was in the presence of The One Who-Was-Is-Will-Be. I wanted to prostrate myself but could not move. I was horrified to realize that my garments were stained with sin, mine and those of my people. The Accuser began to speak, but the Holy Blessed One silenced him. “This is a brand plucked from the fire. Joshua, my servant, you acted to benefit My people and therefore, I have removed your guilt.” My filthy garments were exchanged for clean ones, a diadem was placed on my head, and my commission renewed.

Then, the cock crowed, and I was in my room in Jerusalem, almost late for work. Already dressed (how did that happen?), I slipped on my sandals and hurried to the Temple. At the entrance, Zechariah stopped me. Without word, his prophetic eyes caught mine. He stared into my soul and nodded. I returned the nod, and went on my way.

Leading the people and settling this land is no small task. It requires daring, risk taking and accepting responsibility. There is nothing new under the sun.




Saturday, May 1, 2021

Ellen & Emor 2021

Hebrew 

Ellen sitting in a wheelchair, flowers in the background
I would like to dedicate these words to memory of our friend Ellen Carlebach z"l, who passed away about three-and-half years ago. I’ve been thinking about her a lot in the last six months, because she was one of the last children in the United States to contract polio before the vaccine became available. Nothing made her angrier than opposition to vaccines. Any time I see a picture of children hospitalized in iron lung respirators (as frequently appear in online vaccine debates), I remember her telling about the horror she felt when hospitalized and treated in an iron lung. She eventually recovered only to become ill with post-polio syndrome in her later years, which required her to use a wheelchair. Ellen died in England while visiting her daughter and was buried there. Therefore, the congregational memorial was delayed until the week we read Parashat Emor (Leviticus 21:1-24:23). I was asked to speak and so I turned to the portion and began to read.

If once I could have discounted verses like  Leviticus 21‏:‏17 “Speak to Aaron and say: No man of your offspring through the ages who has a defect shall be qualified to offer the food of his God” as the relic of another age, I couldn’t any longer. The insult cried out to the heavens.

I could not put the text aside, so I kept searching. A drasha by Rabbi Meesh Hammer-Kossoy of Pardes pointed me to a text from the BabylonianTalmud, Megillah 24b, concerning the priestly blessing – the last ceremonial remnant of the Temple service. Rav Huna and Rabbi Yohanan discuss whether a disabled priest could participate. Their conclusion was that they could but only if the townspeople were accustomed to him. That helped but only a little. The rabbis were willing to soften the rule, but only for “insiders.” Ellen would not have been satisfied. She wanted to go everywhere and do everything.

As the Torah, Talmud and Ellen raged at each other in my head, I began to think about them in the light of Rabbi Yitz Greenberg’s three eras of Jewish history. The first era was the time of the Temple when holiness was concentrated in one place, distant from daily life. There was a more centralization, severity and emphasis on externals (not mention the actual physical work that the priests needed to do). The verse from Leviticus made a certain amount of sense its time and place.

After the destruction, in Greenberg’s second era, holiness spread in the world, but also became more concealed. Rabbis took over the mantle of leadership, and were committed not only to the written text but also the lives of the real people with whom they lived. In the process they permitted integration people with disabilities who were otherwise part of the community.

Now in the third cycle, God is more distant, and communal responsibility increasingly rests on the community as a whole, which gives us the opportunity to expand the circle even further. 

Ellen truly believed that everyone has a mission in life and spoke of her work as an art instructor at a rehabilitation center as the mission for which polio had prepared her. I think she had an additional mission: being visible and present in the public sphere, so that an increasingly large number of people would learn to be comfortable in the presence of people, images of God, with differing abilities and varied forms.

The task Ellen bequeathed us is to continue building a world that is increasingly accepting, even when its hard. Perhaps especially when its hard.  


אלן ואמור תשפ"א


אלן יושבת בכסא גלגלים. עם פרחים ברקע
ברצוני להקדיש את דברי היום לזכרהּ של חברתינו אלן קרלבך זכרונהּ לברכה, שהלכה לעולמה לפני כשלוש וחצי שנים. אני חושבת עליה לעיתים קרובות בחודשים האחרונים כי אלן הייתה אחת מאחרוני הילדים שחלו בשיתוק ילדים בארצות הברית לפני השקת החיסון. כל התנגדות לחיסונים הכעיסה אותה מאוד. כל פעם שאני רואה תמונה של ילדים מאושפזים בתוך מכונות הנשמה אני נזכרת כשסיפרה על הפחד שהרגישה בתוך המכונה. היא הבריאה מן המחלה אבל שבה וחלתה ב-post-polio syndrome והשתמשה בכיסא גלגלים בשנותיה האחרונות. היא נפטרה באנגליה, בזמן ביקור אצלה בתה, ושם נקברה. לכן האזכרה הקהילתית הייתה באיחור מה, דווקא בשבוע שקראנו את פרשת אמורתבקשתי לשאת דבר תורה באותו המעמד ולכן נגשתי לפרשה. אם בעבר יכלתי לקרוא את ויקרא פרק כ"א ואת רשימת המומים שגורמים לפסילת כהנים משרות פעיל ולא להתעכב עליהם כי "זה היה פעם" ובכל מקרה אין לנו בית מקדש, עכשיו לא יכולתי לעבור הלאה. העלבון זעק והתריס כלפי שמים.

חסרת מנוח התחלתי לקרוא ולחקור. דרשה של הרבה מיש המר-קסוי הובילה אותי לסוגיה במסכת מגילה (כד:ב) בה דנים רב הונא ורבי יוחנן בברכת כהנים – השריד הטקסי האחרון של עבודה המקדש – ושואלים: האם כהן עיוור או בעל מראה יוצאי דופן יכול לברך את הציבור? הם מכריעים כי מותר להם לברך אבל רק במקום מגוריהם, איפה שהציבור רגיל לחזות בהם. צעד קטן בכיוון השוויון ונגישות, אך אלן לא הייתה מסתפקת בכך. היא רצתה להגיע לכל מקום ולהשתתף בכל.

התורה, התלמוד ואלן המשיכו להסתכסך בראשי. עם קולותיהם מהדהדים ברקע, הרהרתי בתורתו של הרב יצחק גרינברג המחלק את ההיסטוריה היהודית לשלושה עידנים.
בעידן הראשון הקדושה והנוכחות האלוהית היו מרוכזים במקדש, מקום מופרד בו גישה היית מותרת רק למעטים והכל התנהל בסדר מופתי. הדרישות הגופניות המחמירות התאימו לעבודה הפיזית שכוהנים עשו וגם לאווירה הנבדלת.
אחרי החורבן, גרינברג ממשיך, הקדושה התפזרה בעולם אבל נעשתה יותר מוסתרת. המנהיגות עברה מכהנים לרבנים. הרבנים היו מחוייבים לטקסט של התורה שבכתב אבל גם לקהילה בה הם גרו ובני האדם האמתיים אתם הם חיו. לכן הם הרחיבו את המעגל הכהני אבל רק למי שבכל זאת היה כבר "בפנים."

אנחנו חיים בעידן השלישי לפי תפיסתו של גרינברג. האלהות מרוחקת יותר ואחריות הקהילתית מוטלת על כלל הציבור. זה נותן לנו הזדמנות להרחיב מעגלים עוד יותר.
אלן האמינה בכל ליבה שיש לכל אחת משימה, שליחות בחיים. לדידהּ מחלתהּ הכשירה אותה להיות מורה לאמנות לאנשים עם מוגבלויות, לתת להם כלים ליצור יופי, להביע את עצמם ולהנות.  
ממבט חיצוני (שלי) הייתה לאלן שליחות נוספת. להיות נוכחת בציבור, להפגין נוכחות בכל מקום כדי שהציבור יהיה רגיל לא רק לראות אלא גם לחיות עם בני-אדם באשר הם, צלמי-אלוהים עם כל מיני צורות וכל מיני יכולות. המשימה שאלן הורישה לנו היא להמשיך לבנות עולם מכיל ומקבל, גם כאשר קשה לנו. אולי במיוחד כאשר קשה לנו. 

Parashat Toldot: Do not silence the pain

 Hebrew The Babylonian Talmud (Taanit 21a) tells with amazement about Nahum Ish Gamzu who, despite extremely severe suffering, would alway...